More than 50 years ago John Rawls wrote a famous essay in which he defended utilitarian theories of punishment from the charge they justified punishing innocent people under certain circumstances. The idea is that if the central function of punishment is to deter crime (as...
rawls
Background: John Rawls wrote an undergrad thesis on theology when he was deeply religious. He also wrote an unpublished essay in the 90's on the role religion played in his.